Ocean thermal energy conversion technology britannica. The tropical ocean at a typical otec site has two distinct layers. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec has been previously investigated for decades since its possibility to improve clean and renewable energy appeals to researchers. This is referred to as otec for ocean thermal energy conversion. Ocean thermal energy conversion, sometimes referred to as otec, is a form of renewable energy that utilizes the difference in ocean temperature at various depths and converts it to a heat engine. Download the seminar report for ocean thermal energy. The ocean contains enoughenergy power all of the worlds otec is a way to generateelectrical needs. Cost effective otec ocean thermal energy conversion. Ocean thermal energy conversion an overview sciencedirect.
Of all the new ocean energy sources, otec ocean thermal energy conversion seems to offer the best medium term prospects. In order to produce power with the low temperature range, a working fluid with low boiling point is used. The working fluid in such a cycle will need to have a low boiling point. Otec closed cycle powerplant engine is shown in figure 1. Pdf a new hybrid ocean thermal energy conversionoffshore. Pdf demand for energy worldwide is increasing significantly. Mar 25, 2014 ocean thermal energy conversion and the stirling engine.
It is estimated that, the amount of solar energy absorbed annually by the oceans is equivalent to 4000. Otec ocean thermal energy conversion was first proposed in 1881. An otec system utilizes the temperature difference between the warm surface ocean water and the cold deep ocean water to produce power. Pdf analysis of ocean thermal energy conversion power plant. The ocean thermal energy can be harnessed by means of a thermodynamic cycle, which uses the temperature gradient between the cold deep waters and the warm surface waters. Otec ocean thermal energy conversion, the process of converting the ocean. They receive thermal energy through heat transfer from surface sea water warmed by the sun, and. Wave energy conversion and ocean thermal energy conversion. Promote entrepreneurship as economic growth engine early stage investor triple bottom line focus. The heat engine can take the form of a closedcycle process fig. Pdf this paper presents different roots of ocean thermal energy conversion otec strategies and challenges faced in terms of efficiency. Process and technology status ocean thermal energy conversion.
Ocean thermal energy conversion plant market size, industry. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a means of converting into useful energy the temperature difference between surface water of the oceans in tropical and subtropical areas, and water at a depth of approximately 1 000 meters which comes from the polar regions. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a baseload renewable energy source that uses the temperature difference between the warm surface ocean water and the cold deep ocean water to generate electricity. Ocean thermalenergy conversionotec utilizes the worlds largestsolar radiation collector theocean. Ocean thermal energy conversion research papers academia. Ocean thermal energy conversion is a method used to create electricity that uses. Ocean thermal energy conversion and the stirling engine youtube.
Floating pilot units with capacities of the order of 10 to 40 mw will be in operation by 1985, according to present development plans. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec, form of energy conversion that makes use of the temperature differential between the warm surface waters of the oceans, heated by solar radiation, and the deeper cold waters to generate power in a conventional heat engine. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec makes use of the temperature differences between the deep cold and relatively warmer surface waters of the ocean to generate a constant, clean source of electricity. Between now and the 1990s there is a requirement to.
Ocean thermal energy conversion makai ocean engineering. Us20070289303a1 heat transfer for ocean thermal energy. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec types renewable energy. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec has become a serious contender for development as an economic power generation system for the last decade of this century, since the cost of conventional fuels particularly oil rose during and from 1973. A longer, 14minute introduction that includes details of lockheeds otec plant in hawaii and how it was tested. The generated electrical power and the efficiency of otec plant are enhanced by a simulation of a number of derived formulas. Ocean temperature differences, ocean thermal energy conversion, otec, renewable energy, solar energy short content list summary 1 background 2 technical limitations 3 otec and the environment 4 engineering challenges 5 open cycle otec 6 the 210 kw ocotec. It has a hermetically sealed motor closecoupled to the. Principle and preliminary calculation of ocean thermal energy. Otec ocean thermal energy conversion works by using the temperature gradients found in large bodies of water, where the temperature of water found on the surface is significantly higher than the cold water found deeper down. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the ocean thermal gradient between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface seawaters to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity. Conceptual design of mwscale combined ocean thermal. View ocean thermal energy conversion research papers on academia. Dec 11, 2019 the planned construction of an otec ocean thermal energy conversion power plant in the southern chinese high seas is set to become the largest power plant in the world.
The planned construction of an otec ocean thermal energy conversion power plant in the southern chinese high seas is set to become the largest power plant in the world. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the temperature difference between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface ocean waters to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity. Darsonval built a closedcycle otec system, with ammonia as the working fluid, that powered an engine takahashi and trenka, 1996. The generated electrical power and the efficiency of otec plant are enhanced by a. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is considered as a promising resource of energy in the future. While pilot scale plants otec a new secure renewable energy source. This paper presents a design concept of ocean thermal energy conversion otec plant built in mamuju, west sulawesi, with 33 mwe and 7. Ocean thermal energy conversion, or otec, uses seawater to turn solar energy into electricity.
For otec ocean thermal energy conversion, rather than transfer huge quantities of cold water from deep in the ocean to the surface to provide a heat sink for a heat engine or for desalination, this invention provides a method of using small masses of lowboilingpoint fluids to absorb heat in a heat exchanger near the ocean surface using the latent heat of evaporation and then depositing the. Ocean thermal energy corporation ote builds and operates clean hydrothermal energy plants worldwide using the proven technologies of ocean thermal energy conversion otec and seawaterlake water air conditioning swac. During the last few years, however, new options for energy out at sea have been introduced. Underwater glider driven by ocean thermal energy extends the duration and range of underwater glider powered by battery. Ammonia will be used as the working fluid in this cycle. Jan 17, 2020 ocean thermal energy conversion, sometimes referred to as otec, is a form of renewable energy that utilizes the difference in ocean temperature at various depths and converts it to a heat engine. Abstract ocean thermal energy conversion otec is the use of a high.
Ocean thermal energy conversion otec technology uses a turbine generator to create renewable energy from the temperature difference between cold, deep seawater circulating in the ocean and surface seawater warmed by the sun. Pdf the ocean thermal energy conversion strategies and. This constancy differs from the output of renewable resources such as wind and wave energy that sometimes produce intermittent electricity. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses large flows of warm surface seawater and cold deep seawater to generate clean electricity. A thermal engine for underwater glider driven by ocean. Otec diagram and applications ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the ocean thermal gradient between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface seawaters to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity. Thermal energy conversion otec is a method that employs. The temperature difference between the surface water which gets heated by the direct sun rays and the water at the sea bed is utilized to run a heat engine and produce useful work. Ocean thermal energy otec ocean thermal energy also called as ocean thermal energy conversion otec refers to a method of using the temperature difference between the deep parts of the sea which are cold and the shallow parts of the sea which are cold to run a heat engine and produce useful work. The oceans on earth already stored more than two years of solar energy transmitted to earth in the thermal form in the top meter depth. The greater the temperature differential, the higher the efficiency of the heat engine. The power plant is intended to be a joint venture between two business giants, usbased engineering corporation lockheed martin and hong kongbased construction consortium reignwood. Electricity generation by the ocean thermal energy tethys.
Wave energy conversion and ocean thermal energy conversion potential in developing member countries wave energy conversion wec and ocean thermal energy conversion otec are two potentially significant sources of renewable energy that are available to help the asian development banks adb. Introduction covering over 70% of the planets area, the earths oceans could potentially be utilized as a source of virtually inexhaustible renewable energy. It is one of the renewable energy resources that do not arise any indeed harmful impact on our environment. Pdf a new improved ocean thermal energy conversion system. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the temperature difference between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface seawaters to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity. A basic 4minute introduction from offshore infrastructure associates, inc, with good animations, based on puerto rico as an example location. The types of ocean thermal energy conversion systems include closed, open, and hybrid. Pdf the use of organic isobutane will be investigated for a closedcycle ocean thermal energy. The potential impact of introduction ocean thermal. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a method that. The purpose of this study is to define and assess a new, renewable and sustainable energy supply system for islands and remote area where ocean thermal energy conversion otecphotovoltaic with. Internal combustion engine chemical mechanical 1525%.
It has proven the ability to harvest solar heat in air and. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec types renewable. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the ocean thermal gradient between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface seawaters to run a heat engine. Technical readiness of ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Ocean thermal energy, ask latest information, ocean thermal energy abstract,ocean thermal energy report,ocean thermal energy presentation pdf,doc,ppt,ocean thermal energy technology discussion,ocean thermal energy paper presentation details,ocean thermal energy, ppt, pdf, report, presentation, source code, abstract, seminar, project idea, seminar topics, project, project topics,latest. Aug 21, 2015 ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process that can produce electricity by using the temperature difference between deep cold ocean water and warm tropical surface waters. Ocean thermal energy conversion plant is a combination of marine waters and power generation. A practical application is found in a system heat engine designed to transform the thermal energy into electricity. Journal of mechatronics, electrical power, and vehicular. Ocean thermal energy conversion development update. Worlds largest ocean thermal energy conversion otec power. Technical readiness of ocean thermal energy conversion. Ocean thermal energy conversion engineering university of.
Abstract ocean thermal energy conversion otec is the use of a high surface temperature of the water with the low temperature of the water at a certain depth thus creating a heat engine. While pilot scale plants ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a source of renewable energy wherein the temperature differential between deeper, colder water and warmer, shallow water is used to run a heat energy engine and produce electricity. Otec can operate with a very high capacity factor and so can operate in base load mode. Thermal engine is the core device of underwater glider to harvest ocean.
Worlds largest ocean thermal energy conversion otec. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a renewable energy technology which produces power using a heat engine driven by the temperature difference between warm surface ocean waters and cold deep ocean waters gritton et al. Ppt what is ocean thermal energy conversion powerpoint. It relies on the oceans thermal gradient the temperature decline from the sunwarmed waters on the surface to the cold waters found at great depths. The heat engine converts this heat energy to a mechanical output. Otec is applicable to most parts of the worlds deep oceans between 20 o north. Thermal energy geothermal, ocean thermal radiant energy solar chemical energy oil, coal, gas, biomass. However, the temperature differential is small and this impacts the economic feasibility of ocean thermal energy for electricity.
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